Vulcan Energy Resources (VUL) Corporate Presentation summary

Strategic positioning and project overview

• Integrated lithium and renewable energy business focused on carbon-neutral production in Europe, leveraging proprietary A-DLE technology and a significant brine resource in the Upper Rhine Valley.

• Phase One of the Lionheart project targets 24,000 tonnes per annum of lithium hydroxide monohydrate (LHM), 275 GWh of power, and 560 GWh of heat, with a 30-year project life and a €3.5bn pre-tax NPV.

• Largest lithium resource in Europe with 29.1 Mt LCE, supported by advanced infrastructure and modular expansion potential.

• Fully integrated brine-to-battery supply chain, with renewable energy driving sustainable lithium production and a closed-loop, circular system.

• Strong leadership team with deep experience in resources, energy, and finance.

Market opportunity and demand drivers

• European battery and EV markets are rapidly expanding, with EV sales up 30% in Europe and battery demand forecast to grow significantly by 2030.

• Europe faces a supply gap, with projected demand of 523,000t LCE per year by 2030 and Vulcan's Phase One set to supply about 4% of this market.

• Offtake agreements secured with major European automakers and battery producers, ensuring pricing stability and long-term relationships.

Sustainability and technology leadership

• Life Cycle Assessment studies confirm the lowest CO₂ footprint per tonne of lithium produced globally, with a 'Dark Green' rating from S&P Global Ratings.

• VULSORBⓇ A-DLE technology offers high extraction efficiency (>95%), low water and energy use, and is fully Western-owned, providing a competitive edge amid global supply chain risks.

• Onshoring of the entire A-DLE technology and supply chain into Germany and France reduces geopolitical risk.